Medication adherence

• Voiding frequency

  Visit count and nocturia events. Sleep, prostate, and metabolic signal.

• Glucose (urine)

  Spillover above the renal threshold. Tracks glycaemic control and metabolic state.

• pH (urine)

  Urine acidity. Drift signals diet, hydration, infection risk, and renal function.

• Microphone array

  Directional microphones in the bowl or rim capturing acoustic signatures of urinary flow, voiding patterns, and breath/cough sounds.

• Load cell array

  Strain-gauge load cells in the floor mat and seat for weight, weight distribution, balance, gait timing, and sit-to-stand dynamics.

• Urinalysis test strip

  10-parameter reagent strip read at the seat. Captures pH, nitrites, leukocytes, glucose, blood, protein, ketones, urobilinogen, bilirubin, and specific gravity from each void.

• Urine spectroscopy (optical / SERS)

  Non-contact optical analysis of urine in the bowl or stream. Uses vis-NIR absorbance, fluorescence, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to fingerprint analytes without consumables. Calibrates against the same biochemistry strips read by urinalysis.

1. 01

   How might we observe adherence without requiring the patient to report?

2. 02

   How might we use urine signal to confirm medication uptake when it matters?

3. 03

   How might we surface non-adherence to clinicians on terms the patient owns?

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